	Proximity Sensors

Term Explanation of Proximity Sensors/Reading Characteristics Data

Term Explanation of Proximity Sensors

Detecting distance

The distance from the detecting surface of a sensor head to the point where a standard target approaching the sensor head is first detected.
Maximum operating distance (ES Series):
The maximum obtainable operating distance, disregarding accuracy.

Hysteresis

The difference between the reset distance and the detecting distance using a standard target. The reset distance refers to the distance from the detecting surface of a sensor head to the point at which the sensor resets for subsequent detection.

Standard target

A target determined as standard according to shape, size, and material, that is used to obtain the specifications of a sensor.

Repeatabillty

The detecting distance tolerance range when a standard target is subjected to repeated detection under set conditions.

Response frequency

A sensor's maximum number of ON/OFF operations per second when repeatedly detecting standard targets aligned on a wheel, as shown.

Temperature fluctuation

Chart of the effect of temperature on detecting distance

The effect of ambient temperature, within the rated operating range, on the detecting distance of a sensor, represented by the percentage of change from the detecting distance obtained at +23ºC.

N.O. and N.C. output modes

Diagram of N.O. and N.C. operation modes

N.O. (normally open) output mode
The operating mode that permits the sensor to output an ON signal when a target enters the detecting range.

N.C. (normally closed) output mode
The operating mode that permits the sensor to output an ON signal when a target goes out of the detecting range.

Reading Characteristics Data

Detecting range

This graph shows the variations in detecting points of the target (defined in each graph) measured by moving the target parallel to the sensor head.

*The ES Series is equipped with a sensitivity adjustment trimmer located on the amplifier unit, that can be used to change the detecting distance.
The data in this chart was obtained with the trimmer set at 100% and 50% of the maximum stable detecting distance.

Residual voltage

This graph shows the effect of the load current on the residual voltage output.

Detecting distance vs. size and material of target

Detecting distance versus size and material

This graph shows the effect of the size of a square metal target (t=1 mm t=0.04") on the detecting distance.

*For the ES Series, the data obtained at 100% of the maximum stable detecting distance is provided.

Leakage current

This graph shows the effect of the supply voltage on the leakage current for the DC 2-wire type proximity sensors. This graph is used to adjust the quantity of leakage current to the appropriate level in order for the load to operate and reset properly.

Type of metal and detecting distance

Type of metal versus detecting distance characteristics

The detecting distance varies according to target material. The charts show the percentage of detecting distance for common materials when iron is 100%. However, as the rate varies depending on the sensor model, refer to the characteristics chart "Detecting distance vs. size and material of target" for each model. Note that metal-plated targets will affect the detecting distance.

Detecting distance vs. target thickness

ex)EX-18M:KEYENCE products

Detecting distance versus target thickness

In general, when a target of nonferrous metal such as copper or aluminum is approximately 0.01- mm 0.0004" thick, it has a detecting distance similar to that of a target of ferrous metal.

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